The Efficiency of Abduction Diapering for Prevention of Developmental Hip Dysplasia

Abstract

Introduction: Various methods have been used for early detection and prevention of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Abduction diapering has been reported to decrease the incidence of DDH in Yugoslavia. The purpose of this study was to test the efficiency of abduction diapering in the neonates.
Patients and methods: All neonates were examined within two days after birth and risk factors for DDH were noted. One group was given abduction diapers and the others composed the control group. A follow-up examination was arranged after one month and hips were examined by ultrasonography. Repeat ultrasonographies were performed for hips with physiologically delayed ossifications. Hips diagnosed as DDH were treated by various methods.
Results: Of the initial 2787 babies examined at birth, only 581 completed the study. Completion rate was significantly higher for the abduction diapering group. There were also a higher percentage of patients with risk factors in this group. A total of 25 hips in 19 patients (5 in the abduction diapering, 14 in the control group) necessitated treatment, 6 for dislocation and 19 for dysplasia. Treatment rate was not significantly different between the groups. When only the patients with risk factors were compared, no significant difference in the treatment rate could also be found.
Discussion: Abduction diapering did not seem to prevent DDH in the neonates, but it increased the rate of follow-up, which seems to be the most important factor for early detection of late cases.