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Comparison of the efficacy and safety of unilateral and bilateral approach kyphoplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: A meta-analysis

Yu Sun1*, Xian Li1*, Sheng Ma2, Hui Chong1, Tong-Chuan Cai1, Kai-Ming Li1, Jia-Ling Fan1, Yang-Yong Shen1

1Department of Orthopedics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
2Department of Orthopedics, Tsinghua University Yuquan Hospital, Beijing, China

Keywords: Bilateral approach; kyphoplasty; osteoporosis; unilateral approach, vertebral compression fracture.

Abstract

Objectives: The study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of unilateral versus bilateral percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.

Materials and methods: Adhering to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, three English-language databases were systematically reviewed: PubMed, Web of Science, and the National Library of Medicine. The search was conducted between their inception and January 1, 2023. Studies that were replications or that used regression analysis were excluded. Randomized controlled trials and cohort studies that met the criteria were included, and a meta-analysis was performed.

Results: The mean follow-up duration was 17.9±9.7 months for the unilateral group and 18.4±8.3 months for the bilateral group. Eight randomized controlled trials and four cohort studies were included, comprising a total of 1,391 patients (499 males, 697 females; 195 cases did not report sex; mean age: 70.9 years; range, 45 to 82 years). Of these patients, 710 underwent the unilateral surgical approach and 681 the bilateral approach. The meta-analysis revealed that the long-term VAS was marginally higher in the unilateral PKP group (mean difference [MD]=0.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06-0.13; p<0.001). The unilateral group also demonstrated a greater recovery rate in the postoperative kyphosis angle (MD=2.27; 95% CI: 0.67-3.87; p=0.006), shorter operation duration (MD=18.56 min; 95% CI: 8.96-28.17; p<0.001), and a lower bone cement dosage (MD=1.20 mL; 95% CI: 0.39-2.01; p=0.004).

Conclusion: Unilateral PKP appears equally effective as bilateral PKP for treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures but with advantages in terms of procedure time, cement use, and pain reduction.

* The two authors contributed equally to this study

Citation: Sun Y, Li X, Ma S, Chong H, Cai TC, Li KM, et al. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of unilateral and bilateral approach kyphoplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: A meta-analysis. Jt Dis Relat Surg 2024;35(3):491-503. doi: 10.52312/jdrs.2024.1701.

Ethics Committee Approval

The study protocol was approved by the Xiyuan Hospital of CACMS Ethics Committee (date: 26.07.2023, no: WJEC-KT-2017-018-P002). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

Author Contributions

Conception and design,Manuscript writing, Final approval: Y.S., X.L.; Collection and assembly of data,Manuscript writing, Final approval: S.M., H.C., T.C.C., K.M.L.; Provision of study materials or patients, manuscript writing: J.L.F.; Data analysis and interpretation, manuscript writing, final approval: Y.Y.S.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declared no conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article.

Financial Disclosure

This work was supported by Xiyuan Hospital re-established a project topic [grant no.: ZLX15-124].

Data Sharing Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.